Sustained reduction in prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection in spite of missed rounds of mass drug administration in an area under mosquito nets for malaria control
Identifieur interne : 004B14 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 004B13; suivant : 004B15Sustained reduction in prevalence of lymphatic filariasis infection in spite of missed rounds of mass drug administration in an area under mosquito nets for malaria control
Auteurs : Sammy M. Njenga [Kenya] ; Charles S. Mwandawiro [Kenya] ; C Njeri Wamae [Kenya] ; Dunstan A. Mukoko [Kenya] ; Anisa A. Omar [Kenya] ; Masaaki Shimada [Kenya, Japon] ; Moses J. Bockarie [Royaume-Uni] ; David H. Molyneux [Royaume-Uni]Source :
- Parasites & Vectors [ 1756-3305 ] ; 2011.
Descripteurs français
- KwdFr :
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Chimioprévention (), Dispositifs de protection (utilisation), Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Filaricides (administration et posologie), Filariose lymphatique (), Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie), Humains, Jeune adulte, Kenya (épidémiologie), Moustiquaires de lit traitées aux insecticides, Mâle, Paludisme (), Prévalence, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Études longitudinales.
- MESH :
- administration et posologie : Filaricides.
- utilisation : Dispositifs de protection.
- épidémiologie : Filariose lymphatique, Kenya.
- Adolescent, Adulte, Adulte d'âge moyen, Chimioprévention, Enfant, Enfant d'âge préscolaire, Femelle, Filariose lymphatique, Humains, Jeune adulte, Moustiquaires de lit traitées aux insecticides, Mâle, Paludisme, Prévalence, Sujet âgé, Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus, Études longitudinales.
- Wicri :
- geographic : Kenya.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Chemoprevention (methods), Child, Child, Preschool, Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology), Elephantiasis, Filarial (prevention & control), Female, Filaricides (administration & dosage), Humans, Insecticide-Treated Bednets, Kenya (epidemiology), Longitudinal Studies, Malaria (prevention & control), Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Protective Devices (utilization), Young Adult.
- MESH :
- chemical , administration & dosage : Filaricides.
- geographic , epidemiology : Kenya.
- epidemiology : Elephantiasis, Filarial.
- methods : Chemoprevention.
- prevention & control : Elephantiasis, Filarial, Malaria.
- utilization : Protective Devices.
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Humans, Insecticide-Treated Bednets, Longitudinal Studies, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Young Adult.
Abstract
The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) was established by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2000 with the goal of eliminating lymphatic filariasis (LF) as a public health problem globally by 2020. Mass drug administration (MDA) of antifilarial drugs is the principal strategy recommended for global elimination. Kenya launched a National Programme for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (NPELF) in Coast Region in 2002. During the same year a longitudinal research project to monitor trends of LF infection during MDA started in a highly endemic area in Malindi District. High coverage of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) in the coastal region has been associated with dramatic decline in hospital admissions due to malaria; high usage of ITNs is also expected to have an impact on LF infection, also transmitted by mosquitoes.
Four rounds of MDA with diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) and albendazole were given to 8 study villages over an 8-year period. Although annual MDA was not administered for several years the overall prevalence of microfilariae declined significantly from 20.9% in 2002 to 0.9% in 2009. Similarly, the prevalence of filarial antigenaemia declined from 34.6% in 2002 to 10.8% in 2009. All the examined children born since the start of the programme were negative for filarial antigen in 2009.
Despite the fact that the study villages missed MDA in some of the years, significant reductions in infection prevalence and intensity were observed at each survey. More importantly, there were no rebounds in infection prevalence between treatment rounds. However, because of confounding variables such as insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), it is difficult to attribute the reduction to MDA alone as ITNs can lead to a significant reduction in exposure to filariasis vectors. The results indicate that national LF elimination programmes should be encouraged to continue provision of MDA albeit constraints that may lead to missing of MDA in some years.
Url:
DOI: 10.1186/1756-3305-4-90
PubMed: 21612649
PubMed Central: 3125382
Affiliations:
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Njenga</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Mbagathi Road, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Mbagathi Road, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Mwandawiro, Charles S" sort="Mwandawiro, Charles S" uniqKey="Mwandawiro C" first="Charles S" last="Mwandawiro">Charles S. 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Mukoko</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Omar, Anisa A" sort="Omar, Anisa A" uniqKey="Omar A" first="Anisa A" last="Omar">Anisa A. Omar</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I3">Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Ministry of Public Health and Sanitation, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Shimada, Masaaki" sort="Shimada, Masaaki" uniqKey="Shimada M" first="Masaaki" last="Shimada">Masaaki Shimada</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I1">Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Mbagathi Road, Nairobi, Kenya</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Kenya</country><wicri:regionArea>Kenya Medical Research Institute (KEMRI), Mbagathi Road, Nairobi</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nairobi</wicri:noRegion></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I4">Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Japon</country><wicri:regionArea>Nagasaki University Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Nagasaki</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Bockarie, Moses J" sort="Bockarie, Moses J" uniqKey="Bockarie M" first="Moses J" last="Bockarie">Moses J. Bockarie</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I5">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Liverpool</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Molyneux, David H" sort="Molyneux, David H" uniqKey="Molyneux D" first="David H" last="Molyneux">David H. Molyneux</name><affiliation wicri:level="1"><nlm:aff id="I5">Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool, UK</nlm:aff><country xml:lang="fr">Royaume-Uni</country><wicri:regionArea>Centre for Neglected Tropical Diseases, Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, Liverpool</wicri:regionArea><wicri:noRegion>Liverpool</wicri:noRegion></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Parasites & Vectors</title><idno type="eISSN">1756-3305</idno><imprint><date when="2011">2011</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Chemoprevention (methods)</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (epidemiology)</term><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial (prevention & control)</term><term>Female</term><term>Filaricides (administration & dosage)</term><term>Humans</term><term>Insecticide-Treated Bednets</term><term>Kenya (epidemiology)</term><term>Longitudinal Studies</term><term>Malaria (prevention & control)</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Protective Devices (utilization)</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="KwdFr" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Chimioprévention ()</term><term>Dispositifs de protection (utilisation)</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Filaricides (administration et posologie)</term><term>Filariose lymphatique ()</term><term>Filariose lymphatique (épidémiologie)</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Kenya (épidémiologie)</term><term>Moustiquaires de lit traitées aux insecticides</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Paludisme ()</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term><term>Études longitudinales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="chemical" qualifier="administration & dosage" xml:lang="en"><term>Filaricides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" type="geographic" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Kenya</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="administration et posologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filaricides</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="epidemiology" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="methods" xml:lang="en"><term>Chemoprevention</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="prevention & control" xml:lang="en"><term>Elephantiasis, Filarial</term><term>Malaria</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="utilisation" xml:lang="fr"><term>Dispositifs de protection</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="utilization" xml:lang="en"><term>Protective Devices</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" qualifier="épidémiologie" xml:lang="fr"><term>Filariose lymphatique</term><term>Kenya</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="en"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adult</term><term>Aged</term><term>Aged, 80 and over</term><term>Child</term><term>Child, Preschool</term><term>Female</term><term>Humans</term><term>Insecticide-Treated Bednets</term><term>Longitudinal Studies</term><term>Male</term><term>Middle Aged</term><term>Prevalence</term><term>Young Adult</term></keywords><keywords scheme="MESH" xml:lang="fr"><term>Adolescent</term><term>Adulte</term><term>Adulte d'âge moyen</term><term>Chimioprévention</term><term>Enfant</term><term>Enfant d'âge préscolaire</term><term>Femelle</term><term>Filariose lymphatique</term><term>Humains</term><term>Jeune adulte</term><term>Moustiquaires de lit traitées aux insecticides</term><term>Mâle</term><term>Paludisme</term><term>Prévalence</term><term>Sujet âgé</term><term>Sujet âgé de 80 ans ou plus</term><term>Études longitudinales</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="geographic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Kenya</term></keywords></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Background</title><p>The Global Programme to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis (GPELF) was established by the World Health Organisation (WHO) in 2000 with the goal of eliminating lymphatic filariasis (LF) as a public health problem globally by 2020. Mass drug administration (MDA) of antifilarial drugs is the principal strategy recommended for global elimination. Kenya launched a National Programme for Elimination of Lymphatic Filariasis (NPELF) in Coast Region in 2002. During the same year a longitudinal research project to monitor trends of LF infection during MDA started in a highly endemic area in Malindi District. High coverage of insecticide treated nets (ITNs) in the coastal region has been associated with dramatic decline in hospital admissions due to malaria; high usage of ITNs is also expected to have an impact on LF infection, also transmitted by mosquitoes.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Four rounds of MDA with diethylcarbamazine citrate (DEC) and albendazole were given to 8 study villages over an 8-year period. Although annual MDA was not administered for several years the overall prevalence of microfilariae declined significantly from 20.9% in 2002 to 0.9% in 2009. Similarly, the prevalence of filarial antigenaemia declined from 34.6% in 2002 to 10.8% in 2009. All the examined children born since the start of the programme were negative for filarial antigen in 2009.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Despite the fact that the study villages missed MDA in some of the years, significant reductions in infection prevalence and intensity were observed at each survey. More importantly, there were no rebounds in infection prevalence between treatment rounds. However, because of confounding variables such as insecticide-treated bed nets (ITNs), it is difficult to attribute the reduction to MDA alone as ITNs can lead to a significant reduction in exposure to filariasis vectors. The results indicate that national LF elimination programmes should be encouraged to continue provision of MDA albeit constraints that may lead to missing of MDA in some years.</p></sec></div></front><back><div1 type="bibliography"><listBibl><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Ottesen, Ea" uniqKey="Ottesen E">EA Ottesen</name></author><author><name sortKey="Duke, Bo" uniqKey="Duke B">BO Duke</name></author><author><name sortKey="Karam, M" uniqKey="Karam M">M Karam</name></author><author><name sortKey="Behbehani, K" uniqKey="Behbehani K">K Behbehani</name></author></analytic></biblStruct><biblStruct><analytic><author><name sortKey="Mwandawiro, Cs" uniqKey="Mwandawiro C">CS Mwandawiro</name></author><author><name sortKey="Fujimaki, Y" uniqKey="Fujimaki Y">Y Fujimaki</name></author><author><name sortKey="Mitsui, Y" uniqKey="Mitsui Y">Y Mitsui</name></author><author><name 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Njenga</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Mukoko, Dunstan A" sort="Mukoko, Dunstan A" uniqKey="Mukoko D" first="Dunstan A" last="Mukoko">Dunstan A. Mukoko</name><name sortKey="Mwandawiro, Charles S" sort="Mwandawiro, Charles S" uniqKey="Mwandawiro C" first="Charles S" last="Mwandawiro">Charles S. Mwandawiro</name><name sortKey="Omar, Anisa A" sort="Omar, Anisa A" uniqKey="Omar A" first="Anisa A" last="Omar">Anisa A. Omar</name><name sortKey="Shimada, Masaaki" sort="Shimada, Masaaki" uniqKey="Shimada M" first="Masaaki" last="Shimada">Masaaki Shimada</name><name sortKey="Wamae, C Njeri" sort="Wamae, C Njeri" uniqKey="Wamae C" first="C Njeri" last="Wamae">C Njeri Wamae</name><name sortKey="Wamae, C Njeri" sort="Wamae, C Njeri" uniqKey="Wamae C" first="C Njeri" last="Wamae">C Njeri Wamae</name></country><country name="Japon"><noRegion><name sortKey="Shimada, Masaaki" sort="Shimada, Masaaki" uniqKey="Shimada M" first="Masaaki" last="Shimada">Masaaki Shimada</name></noRegion></country><country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bockarie, Moses J" sort="Bockarie, Moses J" uniqKey="Bockarie M" first="Moses J" last="Bockarie">Moses J. Bockarie</name></noRegion><name sortKey="Molyneux, David H" sort="Molyneux, David H" uniqKey="Molyneux D" first="David H" last="Molyneux">David H. Molyneux</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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